Jews expelled from how many countries

From the paper further details about how the dataset was compiled are available in the appendix :. We collect city—level data on the presence of a Jewish community in Europe between to from the twenty-six volume Encyclopedia Judaica The Encyclopedia typically mentions when Jews entered a city, when they were persecuted, when they were expelled, and when they were allowed re-entry.

We are interested in all of these pieces of information since in order to model the probability of an expulsion from a city, we need to know when that city had a Jewish population to expel. The Encyclopedia provides a comprehensive measure of Jewish presence, persecution and expulsion for the whole of Europe.

It does not contain information on all of the smaller Jewish communities that may have existed and it likely does not contain information on minor persecutions. But the two sources they employ only provide data for Germany. The Encyclopedia Judaica provides less detail but compensates for this with wider geographic and temporal coverage.

The paper also includes a detailed discussion of Jewish persecution and expulsion in Medieval Europe:. While the Ottoman Empire welcomed the influx of Spanish Jews, many other nations in Europe treated them as cruelly as the Spaniards—though Portugal was a popular destination, its rulers issued a similar decree five years later. Spain has never had a significant Jewish population since; current estimates put the Jewish population of Spain at lower than.

Spain formally revoked the Alhambra decree in , and in the early s both Spain and Portugal granted Sephardic Jews the right to claim citizenship of the countries that expelled their ancestors years before.

But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! On March 22, a twenty-two year old woman was found running naked, In July , The Dalai Lama, fleeing the Chinese suppression of a national uprising in Tibet, crosses the border into India, where he is granted political asylum.

Born in Taktser, China, as Tensin Gyatso, he was designated the 14th Dalai Lama in , a position that eventually made him the In , to honor of the centenary of The financial risk of mounting a Broadway musical is so great that few productions ever make it to the Great White Way without a period of tryouts and revisions outside of New York City. This was as true in the s as it is today, and especially so during the war years, when On March 31, , the writing and directing sibling team of Lana and Lilly Wachowski release their second film, the mind-blowing science-fiction blockbuster The Matrix.

Born and raised in Chicago, the Wachowskis both dropped out of college and started a house-painting and Sign up now to learn about This Day in History straight from your inbox. After 36 years in existence, the Warsaw Pact—the military alliance between the Soviet Union and its eastern European satellites—comes to an end. The action was yet another sign that the Soviet Union was losing control over its former allies and that the Cold War was falling