BARCELONA — Byetta, a glucagon-like peptide-1 agonist approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, improved hepatic insulin resistance and adipose tissue in men with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, according to a poster presentation at International Liver Congress.
In a double blind study, researchers assigned 15 men with NAFLD and fatty liver index score greater than 30 placebo or an injection of Byetta exenatide injection, AstraZeneca 30 minutes before an oral glucose test, which measured glucose uptake in liver tissue and abdominal adipose tissue glucose uptake.
Results showed that exenatide use delayed gastric emptying after oral glucose load and reduced oral glucose absorption. In addition, patients given exenatide had improved hepatic uptake of orally administered glucose 0. The authors have succeeded in identifying an existing treatment that can improve liver metabolism, which is an important step for the hepatology community.
Gastaldelli A, et al. Abstract PS Feelings of nausea tend to get better with time. Hair loss alopecia was not reported in clinical studies of Byetta. However, it has been reported by some people using Byetta since the drug was approved. A literature review of safety issues with Byetta and other drugs in the same class did not find any association between pancreatic cancer and use of these drugs. However, the long-acting form of exenatide, which is the main drug in Byetta, does have such a warning.
This form of exenatide is available as the brand-name drug Bydureon. An FDA boxed warning is used to alert doctors and patients about potentially serious side effects that might be associated with a drug.
Bydureon has one because it was shown to cause thyroid cancer in some animals. However, results from animal studies do not necessarily apply to humans. The FDA has also issued boxed warnings about thyroid cancer for other medications in the same drug class as Byetta. These drugs are liraglutide Victoza , semaglutide Ozempic , albiglutide Tanzeum , and dulaglutide Trulicity.
These warnings are also based on animal studies. However, these drugs have not been shown to cause thyroid cancer in humans. This is because data needs to be collected over a very long period of time. As with all medications, the cost of Byetta can vary. To find current prices for Byetta in your area, check out GoodRx. The cost you find on GoodRx. If you need financial support to pay for Byetta, or if you need help understanding your insurance coverage, help is available.
AstraZeneca, the manufacturer of Byetta, offers a savings card called MySavingsRx, which can help lower the cost of Byetta. To learn more, call or visit the program website. Other drugs are available for treating type 2 diabetes. Some may be a better fit for you than others. They can tell you about other medications that may work well for you.
You may wonder how Byetta compares to other medications that are prescribed for similar uses. Here we look at how Byetta and Bydureon are alike and different. Byetta and Bydureon are both FDA-approved to help control blood sugar levels in adults with type 2 diabetes.
They are used along with a diet and exercise program. Both of these medications contain exenatide, so they work the same way in the body. Byetta is a short-acting form of the drug that wears off after a few hours. Bydureon is a long-acting form of exenatide that works for a longer period.
Byetta comes as a prefilled multidose injection pen. You give yourself an injection under your skin subcutaneous twice a day, before your main meals. Bydureon comes as a single-dose injection pen or a single-dose syringe. It also comes as a single-dose prefilled autoinjector called Bydureon BCise. With all forms of Bydureon, you give yourself an injection under your skin once a week, on the same day each week.
Byetta and Bydureon both contain exenatide. Therefore, both medications can cause very similar side effects. Below are examples of these side effects. These lists contain examples of more common side effects that can occur with Byetta, with Bydureon, or with both drugs when taken individually.
These lists contain examples of serious side effects that occur with Bydureon, and both Bydureon and Byetta when taken individually.
A boxed warning is the strongest warning the FDA requires. It alerts doctors and patients about drug effects that may be dangerous. Byetta and Bydureon have been directly compared in a clinical study. In this study, the effectiveness of the drugs was compared when they were both used on their own and when they were used in combination with other diabetes drugs. The study found that on average, Bydureon lowered hemoglobin by 0.
Over the same time period, people treated with Bydureon had an average weight loss of 5 lb. People treated with Byetta lost an average of 3 lb. Byetta and Bydureon are both brand-name drugs.
There are currently no generic forms of either drug. Brand-name medications usually cost more than generics. According to estimates on GoodRx. Byetta and Victoza are prescribed for similar uses.
Below are details of how these medications are alike and different. Byetta and Victoza are both FDA-approved to help control blood sugar levels in adults with type 2 diabetes. They are both used along with a diet and exercise program. Victoza is also FDA-approved to reduce the risk of heart attacks and strokes in people with type 2 diabetes who have heart disease.
Byetta contains exenatide, and Victoza contains liraglutide. These medications are from the same drug class, so they work in the same way in the body. With Byetta, you give yourself an injection under your skin subcutaneous twice a day, before your main meals. With Victoza, you give yourself an injection under your skin once a day, at any time of day. Byetta and Victoza contain drugs from the same class. These lists contain examples of more common side effects that can occur with Byetta, with Victoza, or with both drugs when taken individually.
These lists contain examples of serious side effects that can occur with Victoza, and with both Byetta and Victoza when taken individually. Byetta and Victoza have been directly compared in a clinical study.
In this study, the effectiveness of the drugs was compared when they were both used in combination with other drugs to treat diabetes metformin , a sulfonylurea, or both.
The study found that, on average, Victoza lowered hemoglobin A1c HbA1c by 0. Over the same period, people treated with Victoza and people treated with Byetta both lost an average of 6. Byetta and Victoza are both brand-name drugs. Byetta may also be used off-label for other conditions. Byetta is FDA-approved to help control blood sugar levels in adults with type 2 diabetes. This leads to high blood sugar levels. Byetta reduces hemoglobin A1c HbA1c , which is a measure of your average blood sugar levels over 3 months.
Byetta helps lower your blood sugar after eating a meal. It also lowers your blood sugar between meals. This is called your fasting blood sugar level. Byetta can also help some people lose weight. Byetta may be used on its own or with other diabetes medications. These other medications include metformin , glipizide, and pioglitazone. In a clinical study of people using Byetta on its own:. When used with another diabetes drug, Byetta is most often used with metformin.
In a clinical study of people treated with Byetta and metformin:. You take Byetta by giving yourself an injection under the skin subcutaneous of your upper arm, thigh, or abdomen. Your doctor will show you how to do this. You should give yourself an injection of Byetta twice a day, in the hour before each of your two main meals. Most people give themselves one injection in the hour before breakfast, and another in the hour before dinner. Your second injection would still be in the hour before your dinner, as long as these meals are at least six hours apart.
Byetta has to be taken in the hour before a meal. Just leave out that dose. Drinking too much alcohol can cause your blood sugar level to fall. Using alcohol while taking Byetta could raise your risk of hypoglycemia having your blood sugar level fall too low.
If you drink alcohol, talk with your doctor about how much alcohol is safe to drink while you are using Byetta. Different interactions can cause different effects. For instance, some interactions can interfere with how well a drug works. Other interactions can increase side effects or make them more severe. Below is a list of medications that can interact with Byetta. This list does not contain all drugs that may interact with Byetta. Before taking Byetta, talk with your doctor and pharmacist.
Tell them about all prescription, over-the-counter, and other drugs you take. Also tell them about any vitamins, herbs, and supplements you use. Sharing this information can help you avoid potential interactions. Pramlintide is a synthetic analogue of human amylin that is synthesized by pancreatic beta cells and contributes to postprandial glucose control. Pramlintide is co-secreted with insulin in response to food intake. Pramlintide acts as an amylinomimetic agent, and controls glucose levels by slowing gastric emptying, decreasing postprandial glucagon secretion, and causing satiety leading to decreased caloric intake and weight loss.
The dose can be given anytime during the 60 minutes prior to breakfast or dinner. Do not administer after a meal. Each dose should be administered as a SQ injection into the thigh, upper arm, or abdomen. When added to sulfonylurea therapy, a dose reduction of the sulfonylurea may be considered to reduce chances of hypoglycemia.
Dose reductions are typically unnecessary for metformin. Do not inject insulin concomitantly into the same site.
However, exenatide is not recommended for use in severe renal failure patients. No adjustments are necessary in hepatic insufficiency. No differences were noted for the dosage and effectiveness of exenatide and pramlintide based on age, race, gender, or body mass. Neither drug has been studied for use in the pediatric population.
Exenatide is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to the drug or any of its components. Pramlintide is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to the drug or any of its components including metacresol. Pramlintide also is contraindicated in patients with gastroparesis and hypoglycemia unawareness.
Exenatide is not a substitute for insulin in insulin-dependent patients. This drug should not be used to treat patients with Type 1 diabetes or patients with diabetic ketoacidosis.
Exenatide has not been evaluated for concurrent use with insulin, thiazolidinediones, D-phenylalanine derivatives, meglitinides, or a-glucosidase inhibitors. Patients with severe gastrointestinal disease should not use exenatide.
This drug is not indicated for use as monotherapy. Patients using exenatide and a sulfonylurea concomitantly should be warned of the increased risk of hypoglycemia associated with this combination. Pramlintide has a black box warning pertaining to hypoglycemia. This warning is associated with the increased risk of hypoglycemia in patients who use pramlintide and insulin, particularly those with Type 1 diabetes.
Patients should be warned and educated about the signs of hypoglycemia. The addition of other antihyperglycemics and drugs such as angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors ACEIs , diisopyramide, fibrates, monoamine oxidase inhibitors MAOIs , pentoxifylline, propoxyphene, salicylates, and sulfonamide antibiotics can increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
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